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最近碰见了一个Auto layout的相关警告，Google了一下发现了一个很不错的方式来调试类似的bug，分享一下：

转自： 利用Auto layout进行布局时容易出现以下问题，比如约束歧义，约束多余等，这时候如果我们运行程序，xcode会给在log区域输出一些警告信息，同时提供对应的查询办法，如下：

Will attempt to recover by breaking constraint 
   
    Make a symbolic breakpoint at UIViewAlertForUnsatisfiableConstraints to catch this in the debugger.The methods in the UIConstraintBasedLayoutDebugging category on UIView listed in 
    
      may also be helpful.
    
   

通过上面的log我们可以知道，xcode建议我们在‘UIViewAlertForUnsatisfiableConstraints’处建立一个symbolic的断点，来调试这个问题，具体的操作如图：

Paste_Image.png

Paste_Image.png

在symbol处填写的具体信息根据log给出的提示而定。

其实如果我们这样做了，还是得不到具体出问题的地方在哪里，我们可以利用额外的办法，获得更加详细的信息，如图： 如果是objc项目则输入：

po [[UIWindow keyWindow] _autolayoutTrace]

如果是swift则输入:

expr -l objc++ -O -- [[UIWindow keyWindow] _autolayoutTrace]

Paste_Image.png

添加了这个调试之后，如果在重新运行程序，我们会看到更加详细的打印，如下：

UIWindow:0x7f88a8e4a4a0|   UILayoutContainerView:0x7f88a8f23b70|   |   UINavigationTransitionView:0x7f88a8ca1970|   |   |   UIViewControllerWrapperView:0x7f88a8f2aab0|   |   |   |   •UIView:0x7f88a8ca2880|   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8ca2a10|   |   |   |   |   |   *UIButton:0x7f88a8c98820'Archived'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   UIButtonLabel:0x7f88a8cb0e30'Archived'|   |   |   |   |   |   *UIButton:0x7f88a8ca22d0'Download'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   UIButtonLabel:0x7f88a8cb04e0'Download'|   |   |   |   |   |   *UIButton:0x7f88a8ca1580'Deleted'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   UIButtonLabel:0x7f88a8caf100'Deleted'|   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8ca33e0|   |   |   |   |   *_UILayoutGuide:0x7f88a8ca35b0|   |   |   |   |   *_UILayoutGuide:0x7f88a8ca4090|   |   |   |   |   _UIPageViewControllerContentView:0x7f88a8f1a390|   |   |   |   |   |   _UIQueuingScrollView:0x7f88aa031c00|   |   |   |   |   |   |   UIView:0x7f88a8f38070|   |   |   |   |   |   |   UIView:0x7f88a8f381e0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   •UIView:0x7f88a8f39fa0, MISSING HOST CONSTRAINTS|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIButton:0x7f88a8cb9bf0'Retrieve data'- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UIButton:0x7f88a8cb9bf0'Retrieve data'.minX{id: 170}, UIButton:0x7f88a8cb9bf0'Retrieve data'.minY{id: 171}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8f3ad80- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UIImageView:0x7f88a8f3ad80.minX{id: 172}, UIImageView:0x7f88a8f3ad80.minY{id: 173}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *App.RecordInfoView:0x7f88a8cbe530- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for App.RecordInfoView:0x7f88a8cbe530.minX{id: 174}, App.RecordInfoView:0x7f88a8cbe530.minY{id: 175}, App.RecordInfoView:0x7f88a8cbe530.Width{id: 176}, App.RecordInfoView:0x7f88a8cbe530.Height{id: 177}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   +UIView:0x7f88a8cc1d30- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UIView:0x7f88a8cc1d30.minX{id: 178}, UIView:0x7f88a8cc1d30.minY{id: 179}, UIView:0x7f88a8cc1d30.Width{id: 180}, UIView:0x7f88a8cc1d30.Height{id: 181}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8cc1ec0- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UIView:0x7f88a8cc1ec0.minX{id: 153}, UIView:0x7f88a8cc1ec0.minY{id: 151}, UIView:0x7f88a8cc1ec0.Width{id: 154}, UIView:0x7f88a8cc1ec0.Height{id: 165}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8e68e10- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UIView:0x7f88a8e68e10.minX{id: 155}, UIView:0x7f88a8e68e10.minY{id: 150}, UIView:0x7f88a8e68e10.Width{id: 156}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8e65de0- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UIImageView:0x7f88a8e65de0.minX{id: 159}, UIImageView:0x7f88a8e65de0.minY{id: 182}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8e69080'8-6-2015'- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UILabel:0x7f88a8e69080'8-6-2015'.minX{id: 183}, UILabel:0x7f88a8e69080'8-6-2015'.minY{id: 184}, UILabel:0x7f88a8e69080'8-6-2015'.Width{id: 185}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8cc0690'16:34'- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UILabel:0x7f88a8cc0690'16:34'.minX{id: 186}, UILabel:0x7f88a8cc0690'16:34'.minY{id: 187}, UILabel:0x7f88a8cc0690'16:34'.Width{id: 188}, UILabel:0x7f88a8cc0690'16:34'.Height{id: 189}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8cc2050- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UIView:0x7f88a8cc2050.minX{id: 161}, UIView:0x7f88a8cc2050.minY{id: 166}, UIView:0x7f88a8cc2050.Width{id: 163}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8e69d90- AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT for UIImageView:0x7f88a8e69d90.minX{id: 190}, UIImageView:0x7f88a8e69d90.minY{id: 191}, UIImageView:0x7f88a8e69d90.Width{id: 192}, UIImageView:0x7f88a8e69d90.Height{id: 193}|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3cc00|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8e618d0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8e5ba10|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3cd70|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8e58e10|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8e5e7a0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3cee0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3dc70|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8e64dd0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8e65290'Average flow rate'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8e712d0'177.0 ml/s'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8c97150'1299.4'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3dde0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8f3df50'Maximum flow rate'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8cbfdb0'371.6 ml/s'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8cc0230'873.5'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3e2a0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8f3e410'Total volume'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8cc0f20'371.6 ml'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3e870|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8f3ea00'Time do max. flow'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8cc0ac0'3.6 s'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3ee10|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8f3efa0'Flow time'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8cbf980'2.1 s'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3f3e0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8f3f570'Voiding time'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8cc17e0'3.5 s'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3f9a0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8f3fb30'Voiding delay'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UILabel:0x7f88a8cc1380'1.0 s'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8e65000|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIButton:0x7f88a8e52f20'Show'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8e6e1d0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIButton:0x7f88a8e52c90'Send'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8e61bb0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIButton:0x7f88a8e528e0'Delete'|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIImageView:0x7f88a8e6b3f0|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIView:0x7f88a8f3ff60|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *UIActivityIndicatorView:0x7f88a8cba080|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   UIImageView:0x7f88a8cba700|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *_UILayoutGuide:0x7f88a8cc3150|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   *_UILayoutGuide:0x7f88a8cc3b10|   |   |   |   |   |   |   UIView:0x7f88a8f339c0|   |   UINavigationBar:0x7f88a8c96810|   |   |   _UINavigationBarBackground:0x7f88a8e45c00|   |   |   |   UIImageView:0x7f88a8e46410|   |   |   UINavigationItemView:0x7f88a8c97520'App'|   |   |   |   UILabel:0x7f88a8c97cc0'App'|   |   |   UINavigationButton:0x7f88a8e3e850|   |   |   |   UIImageView:0x7f88a8e445b0|   |   |   _UINavigationBarBackIndicatorView:0x7f88a8f2b530Legend:    * - is laid out with auto layout    + - is laid out manually, but is represented in the layout engine because translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = YES    • - layout engine host

在上面的log中能看见具体控件的地址等详细信息，其中有“AMBIGUOUS LAYOUT”字样的控件，就是约束存在歧义的控件，如果想找到某个有歧义的控件，可以挑选一个有歧义的空间地址，然后在lldb调试区去改变对应控件的属性值(这个办法没有亲自尝试过，因为我的问题和这个有点不一样)：

Obj-C

expr ((UIView *)0x7f88a8cc2050).backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]

Swift

expr -l Swift -- import UIKitexpr -l Swift -- unsafeBitCast(0x7f88a8cc2050, to: UIView.self).backgroundColor = UIColor.red

一般通过Auto layout布局出现的问题及警告，大部分是因为约束多余，或者约束歧义，只要在对应的xib中详细的查看已经添加的约束，按照横向，纵向每个方向最少两个约束的原则来排查一下，应该都能找到问题，再有一般Auto layout的问题，在程序的运行过程中，xcode会给出特别详细的问题原因，按照这些log给出的信息一般也能解决对应的问题。

希望我的文章对你有帮助，努力，坚持，与君共勉。

ps:最近写了一个补充版本，详见

 

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